What do the roots hem/hema/hemat/hemato refer to?

The roots hem/hema/hemat/hemato specifically refer to blood, deriving from the Greek word "haima," which means blood. This terminology is commonly used in various medical and scientific contexts to denote conditions, substances, or processes related to blood. For example, terms like hematology, which is the study of blood and its disorders, utilize this root to emphasize its connection to blood. Thus, the correct choice highlights the foundational meaning of these roots in the medical field, particularly in areas concerning blood composition, diseases, and research. Understanding this root helps in recognizing the significance of blood-related terminology in healthcare and pharmacology.